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More model informationThis is a hand-forged extraction forceps from the 17th century. Most forceps were one size and one shape up until the middle of the 19th century when John Tomes, British surgeon designed extraction forceps specific for every tooth. It was also the same time when understanbding infections (1860s) and sterility became a concern. The Scottish surgeon Lister, introduced antiseptic methods and Horace Wells (nitorus oxide) and William Morton (ether) introduced general anesthesia. Further, with the establishment of the first dental school in 1840, dentists started to be trained. As a result, tooth extraction became easier, more predictable and less traumatic. Description provided by Andrew I Spielman
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