This archaeological feature was occupied during 5 distinct periods. Stratum 1 was dated to the 4th millennium BCE during the Chalcolithic-Early Bronze I Periods with Chalcolithic pottery sherds in pits below the shrine. Stratum 2 and 3 were between the 14th-12th centuries BCE during the Egyptian New Kingdom 19th-20th Dynasties when the temple was built and restored. Stratum 4 was dated to the Midianite period around the 14th-12th centuries BCE, with evidence of the temple’s adaption to a tented shrine. Stratum 5 was during the Roman period from the 2nd-3rd centuries AD, when the site shows evidence of looting. (Rothenberg 1988:270-278) Photos by Yitzhak Marmelstein, the 3D documentation of this site was part of the collaborative Israel 3D Land and Sea Project 2017, it was generously funded by Marian Scheuer Sofaer and Abraham Sofaer of Palo Alto, CA. Reference: Rothenberg, B. 1988 The Egyptian Temple at Timna I. Institute for Archaeo-Metallurgical Studies Institute of Archaeology, University College London.
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