Jet streams and global circulation patterns

3D ModelNoAI

A cross section of the circulation of air within the troposphere including the polar and subtropical jet streams.

The Earth’s atmosphere is characterised by a multitude of weather systems that traverse its surface. The predominant wind patterns that encircle the planet are organized into three cells in each hemisphere, namely the Hadley, Ferrel, and Polar cells.

Jet streams are narrow bands of strong wind, characterised by high velocity winds at the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere levels. The polar jet stream is located closer to the poles and is stronger and faster than the subtropical stream, which is located closer to the equator. Both jet streams can have a significant impact on weather patterns and air travel, as they can cause turbulence and affect the duration and efficiency of flights.