Model ^***

3D Model

The oblique capitis inferior muscle was transected to expose the posterior arch of the C1 vertebra. In addition, the inferior portion of the semispinalis capitis muscle was completely removed, allowing for clear visualization of the underlying semispinalis cervicis muscle. Further dissection of the semispinalis cervicis enabled the identification of the posterior arches of the C2 and C3 cervical vertebrae, thus extending the anatomical exposure along the upper cervical spine.